Apoplastic loading
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Apoplastic Loading. In apoplastic loading species SECCs are symplastically isolated although not entirely from surrounding cells. Wild-type rootstocks grafted to atabcg14 scions successfully restored trans -zeatin xylem loading. Root-synthesized cytokinins are transported to the shoot and regulate the growth development and stress responses of aerial tissues. In the plants with secondary growth the major portion of water is transported by apoplasty in the root cortex as cortical cells are loosely packed and have low resistance to the water flow.
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The apoplastic pathway provides a way towards the vascular cell through free spaces and cell walls of the epidermis and cortex. In the plants with secondary growth the major portion of water is transported by apoplasty in the root cortex as cortical cells are loosely packed and have low resistance to the water flow. Ordinary companion cells with cell wall ingrowths have very few plasmodesmata and load sucrose from the apoplast. Apoplast creates a main pathway called apoplastic pathway or apoplasty that helps to transport water and ions from the soil through root to xylem elements. Phloem loading is specific and selective for transport sugars. An additional apoplastic route that allows the direct access to the xylem and phloem is along the margins of the secondary roots.
Apoplast creates a main pathway called apoplastic pathway or apoplasty that helps to transport water and ions from the soil through root to xylem elements.
Apoplast creates a main pathway called apoplastic pathway or apoplasty that helps to transport water and ions from the soil through root to xylem elements. Both symplastic and apoplastic pathways of phloem loading are used in plants but in different species. The mechanism of the transfer of sugars sucrose from mesophyll cells to apoplast is however not known. Phloem loading at least in some plant species involves an apoplastic step Lucas et al 1993. The apoplastic pathway provides a way towards the vascular cell through free spaces and cell walls of the epidermis and cortex. Based on these results we conclude that rice uses the apoplastic loading as a major phloem loading strategy.
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Based on this feature Gamalei 1989 grouped plants into two main types. Apoplastic loading In most herbaceous plants sucrose on its way from mesophyll cells to the phloem passes through the apoplast and is loaded into the phloem against a concentration gradient. In the plants with secondary growth the major portion of water is transported by apoplasty in the root cortex as cortical cells are loosely packed and have low resistance to the water flow. Apoplastic loading Sugar moves through plasmodesmata from mesophyll cells up to companion cells where it moves into the apoplast and is actively loaded into ordinary companion cells. Based on these results we conclude that rice uses the apoplastic loading as a major phloem loading strategy.
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Apoplastic loading Sugar moves through plasmodesmata from mesophyll cells up to companion cells where it moves into the apoplast and is actively loaded into ordinary companion cells. In the plants with secondary growth the major portion of water is transported by apoplasty in the root cortex as cortical cells are loosely packed and have low resistance to the water flow. Apoplastic loading is a transportermediated and energycoupled process Rennie and Turgeon 2009. Phloem loading at least in some plant species involves an apoplastic step Lucas et al 1993. Here we revealed that AtABCG14-mediated phloem unloading through the apoplastic pathway is required for the appropriate shoot distribution of root-synthesized cytokinins in Arabidopsis.
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Apoplastic loading In most herbaceous plants sucrose on its way from mesophyll cells to the phloem passes through the apoplast and is loaded into the phloem against a concentration gradient. Generally apoplastic loading can maintain the sucrose concentration in mesophyll cells at a low level to avoid feedback inhibition of photosynthesis and provide sufficient osmotic pressure for long-distance phloem transport Turgeon 2010. This lacture deal with Apoplastic loading Unloading Active Transport membrane transport By Sucrose H Symporter Phloem loading unloading symplast mov. The secondary root is developed from the pericycle a cell layer just inside the endodermis. Apoplast creates a main pathway called apoplastic pathway or apoplasty that helps to transport water and ions from the soil through root to xylem elements.
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The first pathway called apoplastic phloem loading occurs when the regular parenchyma cells of phloem are not connected to the companion cells. Apoplastic loading is a transportermediated and energycoupled process Rennie and Turgeon 2009. The mechanism of the transfer of sugars sucrose from mesophyll cells to apoplast is however not known. It enters the companion cell cytoplasm as well as the inside of the sieve tube through secondary active transport. In the plants with secondary growth the major portion of water is transported by apoplasty in the root cortex as cortical cells are loosely packed and have low resistance to the water flow.
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In apoplastic loading species SECCs are symplastically isolated although not entirely from surrounding cells. Ordinary companion cells with cell wall ingrowths have very few plasmodesmata and load sucrose from the apoplast. This lacture deal with Apoplastic loading Unloading Active Transport membrane transport By Sucrose H Symporter Phloem loading unloading symplast mov. In the plants with secondary growth the major portion of water is transported by apoplasty in the root cortex as cortical cells are loosely packed and have low resistance to the water flow. Root-synthesized cytokinins are transported to the shoot and regulate the growth development and stress responses of aerial tissues.
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Here we revealed that AtABCG14-mediated phloem unloading through the apoplastic pathway is required for the appropriate shoot distribution of root-synthesized cytokinins in Arabidopsis. Generally apoplastic loading can maintain the sucrose concentration in mesophyll cells at a low level to avoid feedback inhibition of photosynthesis and provide sufficient osmotic pressure for long-distance phloem transport Turgeon 2010. The mechanism of the transfer of sugars sucrose from mesophyll cells to apoplast is however not known. In other plants loading is symplastic driven by a downhill concentration gradient from the mesophyll to the phloem and requiring high plasmodesmatal densities 2 3. Based on these results we conclude that rice uses the apoplastic loading as a major phloem loading strategy.
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The ossut1 and ossut4 mutants presented a decrease of grain yield implying important roles of OsSUTs in phloem loading. In the plants with secondary growth the major portion of water is transported by apoplasty in the root cortex as cortical cells are loosely packed and have low resistance to the water flow. This lacture deal with Apoplastic loading Unloading Active Transport membrane transport By Sucrose H Symporter Phloem loading unloading symplast mov. In other plants loading is symplastic driven by a downhill concentration gradient from the mesophyll to the phloem and requiring high plasmodesmatal densities 2 3. Apoplastic loading Sugar moves through plasmodesmata from mesophyll cells up to companion cells where it moves into the apoplast and is actively loaded into ordinary companion cells.
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The first pathway called apoplastic phloem loading occurs when the regular parenchyma cells of phloem are not connected to the companion cells. Type 1 open type has the most numerous plasmodesmata in the minor vein phloem and type 2 closed type has the fewest. Apoplastic loading In most herbaceous plants sucrose on its way from mesophyll cells to the phloem passes through the apoplast and is loaded into the phloem against a concentration gradient. Based on this feature Gamalei 1989 grouped plants into two main types. Riesmeier et al 1994.
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The apoplastic pathway provides a way towards the vascular cell through free spaces and cell walls of the epidermis and cortex. The transport of organic solutes from the apoplast to the phloem is mediated by transport proteins against a concentration gradient into the companion cells of sieve elements. The secondary root is developed from the pericycle a cell layer just inside the endodermis. Ordinary companion cells with cell wall ingrowths have very few plasmodesmata and load sucrose from the apoplast. An additional apoplastic route that allows the direct access to the xylem and phloem is along the margins of the secondary roots.
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